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Fourth Industrial Revolution

The Fourth Industrial Revolution, often called Industry 4.0, is the ongoing transformation of manufacturing and industry through cyber-physical systems, the industrial internet of things, cloud computing, big data, and AI, following mechanization, electrification, and digital automation. The term was popularized by Klaus Schwab and the World Economic Forum and by Germany's Industrie 4.0 initiative. Robotics features centrally through connected, flexible, and increasingly autonomous production systems.

Why it matters for physical AI

The industrial appetite for flexible, data-driven automation frames the commercial context for general-purpose robots, where learning-based systems promise to automate the long tail of tasks fixed automation never reached.